What is Patanjali's Ashtanga Yoga Part-III

As described earlier, Ashtanga Yoga has eight limbs ornor of the material world.Dharana(to hold),
parts. So far Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayama hasDhyana(meditation)and Samadhi(total
been described. In the present article Pratyahar,concentration)Dharana means to hold. After one
Dharana, Dhyana and Samadhi shall bewithdraws oneself from the gross body and senses,
described.Pratyahar(withdrawal)Before Pratyahar oneone should hold mind firmly. One can enter into
should lie in Sukhasana comfortably and motionlessly.Samadhi through this mind only. The saints and sages
Then one should practice Pranayama by keeping mindof Ancient India first realisd that nothing is as great as
on the movements of breath across the nostrills. Aftermind in the whole universe. Mind is the cause of
half an hour in Pranayama, there is cut off in inhalationeverything; creation, maintenance and destruction of
and exhalation. Mind and Pranabreath for practicalthis universe goes on because of this mind only. It is
purpose) become one and motionless. In this state onealso the cause of bondage and liberation of all. Mind
should practice Pratyahar.Patanjali describes - whencan be a good servent, good friend as well as good
senses leave their objects of enjoyment and getmaster. So in Dharana one learns how to hold mind
engaged in realising true self(svarup), it is calledfirmly for own liberation.After Dharana comes
Pratyahar(II>54). So far Yoga is concerned, there areDhyana(meditation). In Yoga meditator, meditation and
two directions - one is outside and the other is inside.the object of medition are one. Because the aim of
Outside there is enjoyment(bhoga) and enjoying(ahara)Yoga is to realise the true self. In Dharana and Dhyana
and inside there is Yoga and Pratyahar(withdrawalmind should be fixed at Ajna Chakra in between
from enjoyment). So long as senses are fixed on theeyebrows(trikuti). Eyes should be closed in practicing all
objects of enjoyment, there is enjoying(ahara); but asthe limbs of Yoga starting from Asana to Samadhi.
soon as senses withdraw from them, there is YogaHowever religious masters teach to meditate upon
and Pratyahar.In enjoyment there is loss of energy;some symbols or pictures of Gods and Goddesses
whereas in Yoga there is conservation of energy.with eyes open. Through such meditation mind does
Inside there is treasure of energy, happiness,not come inwards and so no Yoga shall be
knowledge, health and longivity; but outside there is losspractised.Through regular and sincere practice of
of energy, pain, ignorance, disease and death. asPranayama, Pratyahar, Dharana and Dhyana, one may
people take their earned money from home andenter into Samadhi one day. Only a true and rare
spend them outside, so people earn energy, happinesspractitioner achieves this state, also called Turiya.
inside, but spend them outside. People who spendNormally all men experience three states - waking,
more and more money outside, get bankrupt anddreaming and deep sleep. The state of Turiya, which is
people who spend more and more energy outside getthe fourth state of a being, is experienced by a Yogi
diseased. So a true Yogi earns more and morealone. This is such a dreaming state, where one is
energy inside, but spends less and less outside toawake while sleeping. This is such a waking state,
remain happy, knowledgeable and healthy.Pratyahar iswhere one does not use one's body and senses. This
practiced after Pranayama in the sameis such a deep sleep where one is fully concious. As
posture(sukhasana). It is a mental excercise only. In thewithout sound sleep a man cannot remain healthy and
legs there are six sets of joints and in the body therepeaceful, so without Turiya a man cannot be healthy
are six Chakra. From the tip of fingers in the legs oneand peaceful completely. For complete peace and
should rise upwards joint by joint and Chakra bybliss, for complete knowledge, freedom and liberation,
Chakra. In each joint or Chakra one should remain forevery individual should practice Yoga and try out to
a while and feel that lower parts from that joint orreach the state of Turiya or Samadhi.Author is an
Chakra have gone senseles. In this manner one shouldIndian and a desciple of Late Munisvar Shiv kumar
reach Ajna Chakra in between eyebrows. At AjnaShastri. Those who are in the quest for true spiritualism
Chakra one should feel that there is no sensual feelingand yoga and want freedom and bliss should go
of the body. One should see nothing, hear nothing orthrough his book 'Quest for Truth: the spiritual and
feel nothing. There is neither the feeling of the bodyyogic way' and email to him.