Molding our World: Plastics as Part of our Daily Lives

What are plastics?resin that's basically a cross between acrylic and
Plastics as we broadly understand it today arepolycarbonate.
synthetic or semi synthetic products or raw materials,Polycarbonate
formed by polymerisation, and are largely derived fromFirst developed in the 1950s, these thermoplastics most
oil. Polymerisation is the formation of polymers i.e.popularly have engineering applications. This is due to
repeated numbers of smaller structures (monomers)polycarbonate's strength coupled with versatility, and its
joined together.electrical insulating properties. Applications include
It wasn't until the 1860s that the first semi syntheticmachine guards, capacitors, gaskets etc.
materials or plastics were first brought to the attentionPerspex
of the world, and since the development ofThis is a variety of polycarbonate. It is popularly
thermoplastics throughout the 1900s it's hard to imaginedeveloped in sheet form and is widely recognised as a
how difficult life would be without plastic. The mainkind of 'clear' plastic.
reasons why plastics replaced more traditionalPolypropylene
materials are quite straightforward when you thinkAnother plastic developed in the 1950s with industrial
about them.applications, this is particularly suitable for hot fill
What's so good about plastics?packaging because it has low density but is very rigid.
Plastics are relatively light and very durable. TheOther applications include carpeting and packaging.
hundreds of different plastic varieties are ultimatelyPVC
recyclable, although it's only in recent years that our UKPoly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) can be shaped and moulded
society has begun to take advantage of plasticinto an exceptionally wide variety of products.
recycling, often in tandem with our weekly wasteChemical Plant Industry applications of PVC include
collections. Plastics have great thermal and insulatingwater tight tanks, and ducting for Clean Air Systems.
properties (clothes, carpets, bedding etc). Plastics arePETG
resistant to many chemicals and water, as well asPolyethylene Terephalate Glycol (PETG) is another
being very strong.industrial thermoplastic. Applications include frames, sign
Most notably though, plastics have proven relativelyholders and point of purchase displays.
inexpensive to produce, and are so versatile that theyHow it takes shape
can take on almost any form and colour.Modern advances in plastic fabrication, moulding,
What are the popular types of plastics and what's thecasting, extrusion, thermoforming, cutting, bending,
difference between them?machining, gluing, welding, stamping of sheets, plastic
Acrylicsengraving, fibres and solid blocks mean that our
These were developed in the 1930s. Acrylics areimagination provides the only real limitations to what
particularly resistant to the weather and the sun.form plastics can take.
Acrylic is particularly effective as 'clear' plastics, andConclusion
transmits light brilliantly. Applications include leafletIf you asked most people, they would be unlikely to
holders, signs, display cases, boat windows and pointknow what plastics actually are, and even more
of sale to name but a few.unlikely to be able to tell you the difference between
Plexiglasthe many types. Despite this, plastics are a central and
Often wrongly spelled as Plexiglass, Plexiglas isessential part of modern daily life.
actually a brand name for a kind of clear thermoplastic